Social Media as a Virtual Public Sphere in Health Education: A Systematic Review from the Perspective of Habermas' Public Sphere Theory

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58545/jkki.v4i1.225

Abstract

Social media has become an important platform in health education. It allows individuals to connect and share information about health. However, no studies have systematically explored the role of social media as a virtual public space in health education. This systematic review aims to explore the role of social media as a virtual public sphere in health education, from the perspective of Habermas' public sphere theory. The review was conducted by searching for research articles published in reputable scientific journals between 2010 and 2023. The method used to write this article is a systematic literature review (SLR). The systematic literature review method used in this research is the PRISMA method. Article search, article extraction, and article classification using the Watase UAKE application. The article search was conducted online using two (2) database sources, namely Scopus (Q1-Q4) and Semantic Scholar. The review showed that social media has the potential to be an effective virtual public sphere in health education. This platform can be used to. Increase awareness and understanding of health Provide information and support for individuals in need, strengthen community participation in health education, However, social media also has some limitations in supporting health education. These limitations include: Disinformation and misinformation, Polarization of opinion Conflict of interest. In this review concludes that social media can be a valuable tool for health education. However, it is important to be aware of its limitations and take steps to overcome them.

Keywords:

Virtual Public Sphere, Social Media, Habermas, Health Education

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abdulla, R. (2023). Social Media, the Public Sphere, and Public Space in Authoritarian Settings: A Case Study of Egypt’s Tahrir Square and 18 Years of User Generated Content. Social Media + Society, 9(1), 205630512311588. https://doi.org/10.1177/20563051231158824

Almuqren, A. (2023). The Contemporary Public Sphere-Habermas’ Perspective. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 10(6), 183–192. https://doi.org/10.14738/assrj.106.14848

Arzil, A. P. A. (2020). Indonesia Digital Public Sphere: An Alternative and Counterhegemonic Space for Covid-19: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Social and Political Sciences (ICOSAPS 2020). 6th International Conference on Social and Political Sciences (ICOSAPS 2020), Surakarta, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201219.026

Bhakti, S. E., & Dhuhri, S. (2022). The Digital Public Sphere and Muslim Piety in Aceh: Rethinking Habermas’ Conception of Communicative Action. Islam Realitas: Journal of Islamic and Social Studies, 8(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.30983/islam_realitas.v8i1.5462

Carrasco, J. M., Gómez-Baceiredo, B., Navas, A., Krawczyk, M., García, M., & Centeno, C. (2019). Social representation of palliative care in the Spanish printed media: A qualitative analysis. PLOS ONE, 14(1), e0211106. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211106

Chang, A., Schulz, P. J., Jiao, W., Yu, G., & Yang, Y. (2022). Media Source Characteristics Regarding Food Fraud Misinformation According to the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) in China: Comparative Study. JMIR Formative Research, 6(3), e32302. https://doi.org/10.2196/32302

Chen, H. W. J., Marzo, R. R., Sapa, N. H., Ahmad, A., Anuar, H., Baobaid, M. F., Jamaludin, N. A., Hamzah, H., Sarrafan, S., Ads, H. O., Kumar, K. A., Hadi, J., Sazali, H., & Abdalqader, M. A. (2023). Trends in Health Communication: Social Media Needs and Quality of Life among Older Adults in Malaysia. Healthcare, 11(10), 1455. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11101455

Chen, S., Zhou, L., Song, Y., Xu, Q., Wang, P., Wang, K., Ge, Y., & Janies, D. (2021). A Novel Machine Learning Framework for Comparison of Viral COVID-19–Related Sina Weibo and Twitter Posts: Workflow Development and Content Analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 23(1), e24889. https://doi.org/10.2196/24889

Dayrell, C. (2019). Discourses around climate change in Brazilian newspapers: 2003–2013. Discourse & Communication, 13(2), 149–171. https://doi.org/10.1177/1750481318817620

De Angelis, G. (2021). Habermas, democracy and the public sphere: Theory and practice. European Journal of Social Theory, 24(4), 437–447. https://doi.org/10.1177/13684310211038753

De Jong, M., Collins, A., & Plüg, S. (2021). ‘I’ve become so healthy that I can’t live anymore’: Exploring ‘health as balance’ discourses and the construction of health and identity among young urban South African adults. SN Social Sciences, 1(8), 215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43545-021-00225-3

De Las Heras-Pedrosa, C., Rando-Cueto, D., Jambrino-Maldonado, C., & Paniagua-Rojano, F. J. (2020). Exploring the Social Media on the Communication Professionals in Public Health. Spanish Official Medical Colleges Case Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(13), 4859. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134859

Fuchs, C. (2021). The Digital Commons and the Digital Public Sphere How to Advance Digital Democracy Today. Westminster Papers in Communication and Culture, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.16997/wpcc.917

Lyons, A. C. (2000). Examining Media Representations: Benefits for Health Psychology. Journal of Health Psychology, 5(3), 349–358. https://doi.org/10.1177/135910530000500307

Mahmood, Q., Gull, Z., & Alam, R. N. (2022). Re-Conceptualizing Public Sphere in the Digital Era: From Habermas’ Public Sphere to Digitally Networked Public Sphere. Global Digital & Print Media Review, V(I), 206–214. https://doi.org/10.31703/gdpmr.2022(V-I).20

Mattila, H. (2020). Habermas revisited: Resurrecting the contested roots of communicative planning theory. Progress in Planning, 141, 100431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progress.2019.04.001

McClaughlin, E., Vilar-Lluch, S., Parnell, T., Knight, D., Nichele, E., Adolphs, S., Clos, J., & Schiazza, G. (2023). The reception of public health messages during the COVID-19 pandemic. Applied Corpus Linguistics, 3(1), 100037. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acorp.2022.100037

Melki, J., Tamim, H., Hadid, D., Makki, M., El Amine, J., & Hitti, E. (2021). Mitigating infodemics: The relationship between news exposure and trust and belief in COVID-19 fake news and social media spreading. PLOS ONE, 16(6), e0252830. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252830

Moshiur Rahman Khasru, Fariha Haseen, Samiha Yunus, Tangila Marzen, Abu Bakar Siddiq, Khandakar Mohammad Hossain, Syed Atiar Rahman Sabuj, Mohammad Tariqul Islam, Akm Salek, Shahidullah Sikder, Syed Shariful Islam, Iracema Leroi, Peter M. Ten Klooster, & Johannes J Rasker. (2021). Bangladesh health journalism: A pilot study exploring the nature and quality of newspaper health reporting. International Journal of Frontiers in Life Science Research, 1(2), 016–072. https://doi.org/10.53294/ijflsr.2021.1.2.0047

Plough, A. L. (2020). How Media Shapes the Public Discourse and Influences Health. In A. L. Plough, Culture of Health in Practice (pp. 23–35). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190071400.003.0003

Ritzi, C. (2023). The hidden structures of the digital public sphere. Constellations, 30(1), 55–60. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8675.12664

Roguski, M., & McBride-Henry, K. (2020). Insights into the oral health crisis amongst pre-schoolers in Aotearoa/New Zealand: A discourse analysis of parent/caregiver experiences. BMC Oral Health, 20(1), 182. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-020-01173-9

Seeliger, M., & Sevignani, S. (2022). A New Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere? An Introduction. Theory, Culture & Society, 39(4), 3–16. https://doi.org/10.1177/02632764221109439

Sevignani, S. (2022). Digital Transformations and the Ideological Formation of the Public Sphere: Hegemonic, Populist, or Popular Communication? Theory, Culture & Society, 39(4), 91–109. https://doi.org/10.1177/02632764221103516

Staab, P., & Thiel, T. (2022). Social Media and the Digital Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere. Theory, Culture & Society, 39(4), 129–143. https://doi.org/10.1177/02632764221103527

Subramaniam, M., Lau, J. H., Asharani, P. V., Abdin, E., Roystonn, K., Wang, P., Devi, F., Vaingankar, J. A., Car, L. T., Sum, C. F., Lee, E. S., Van Dam, R. M., & Chong, S. A. (2022). Sources of information on diabetes and its demographic correlates: A nationwide survey among Singapore residents. Health Promotion International, 37(5), daac107. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daac107

Sun, H., Qian, L., Xue, M., Zhou, T., Qu, J., Zhou, J., Qu, J., Ji, S., Bu, Y., Hu, Y., Wu, S., Chen, Y., You, J., & Liu, Y. (2022). The relationship between eHealth literacy, social media self-efficacy, and health communication intention among Chinese nursing undergraduates: A cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 1030887. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1030887

Xin, M., Luo, S., Wang, S., Zhao, J., Zhang, G., Li, L., Li, L., & Lau, J. T.-F. (2023). The Roles of Information Valence, Media Literacy, and Perceived Information Quality on the Association Between Frequent Social Media Exposure and COVID-19 Vaccination Intention. American Journal of Health Promotion, 37(2), 189–199. https://doi.org/10.1177/08901171221121292

Downloads

Published

30-04-2024

How to Cite

Nangi, M. G., Kamaruddin, S. A., Adam, A., & Lestari, S. A. (2024). Social Media as a Virtual Public Sphere in Health Education: A Systematic Review from the Perspective of Habermas’ Public Sphere Theory. Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia, 4(1), 36–50. https://doi.org/10.58545/jkki.v4i1.225

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 1: April 2024

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Mohamad Guntur Nangi

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

PlumX Metrics

Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC