Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia

The Relationship Between Mental Health Literacy and The Attitude Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help in Junior High School

2026-04-22T16:01:16+00:00

Adolescent mental health is an important aspect of individual development. However, a limited understanding of mental health causes adolescents to have difficulty recognizing psychological issues, which tends to result in attitudes that are less supportive when seeking professional help. This study aims to analyze the relationship between mental health literacy and attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help among adolescents at Bersemi Integrated Islamic Junior High School. This study used a quantitative approach with a cross- sectional design. The research sample consisted of 83 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted using the Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire (MHLQ) and Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help (ATSPPH) questionnaires. Data analysis was carried out univariately and bivariately using the Chi-Square test. The results shows that the majority of respondents have a moderate level of mental health literacy (56.6%) and a positive attitude toward seeking professional psychological help (57.8%). The bivariate analysis results show a p-value of 0.020, indicating a meaningful relationship between mental health literacy and attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help.There is a significant relationship between mental health literacy and the attitude toward seeking professional psychological help among adolescents. The higher the level of mental health literacy, the more positive the attitude in seeking professional psychological help.

Community Health Workers’ Digital Competencies in Using Digital Technologies and Artificial Intelligence

2026-04-22T16:01:13+00:00

Background: Strengthening community health workers’ (CHWs) digital competencies is critical to ensuring that digital health transformation translates into improved community-level services. Aims: This systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of training, empowerment, or capacity-building interventions in enhancing CHWs’ competencies in using digital technologies and artificial intelligence (AI). Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, articles published between 2016 and 2026 were identified from four databases. Quantitative studies and community-based implementation reports assessing improvements in digital knowledge and/or skills were included. Results: Of 885 records screened, 30 met eligibility criteria. Interventions encompassed mobile health applications, web-based information systems, digital data management tools, and AI-assisted screening platforms. Most studies reported significant gains in knowledge scores, digital data entry and reporting skills, electronic form management, digital surveillance, and AI-assisted interpretation. Improvements in data completeness, timeliness, and perceived reporting accuracy were also documented. However, sustainability challenges emerged, including limited internet infrastructure, unequal access to devices, heterogeneous baseline digital literacy, reliance on external mentoring, short-term evaluations, and incomplete integration with routine health information systems. Conclusion: Overall, structured digital training interventions consistently enhance CHWs’ competencies and support the strengthening of primary health care. Sustainable impact, however, requires institutional embedding, standardized tiered training, infrastructure investment, and governance mechanisms to prevent digital initiatives from remaining fragmented pilot projects.

The Relationship Between Digital Information Exposure and Social Stigma in People with Mental Disorders in Rural Areas Based on Traditional Culture

2026-04-22T16:01:15+00:00

Background: Social stigma toward people with mental disorders (PMD/ODGJ) remains prevalent in rural communities, where traditional cultural beliefs often reinforce negative perceptions. Limited exposure to evidence-based digital health information may exacerbate stigma by hindering accurate mental health literacy. Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between digital information exposure and social stigma toward PMD in a traditional rural setting. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in Nyalindung Village, Cianjur Regency, involving 109 community members selected via purposive sampling. Digital information exposure was measured using the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS), and social stigma was assessed using the Perceived Devaluation and Discrimination Scale (PDDS). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Chi-Square test (α = 0.05). Results: The majority of respondents reported low digital information exposure (52.3%), and 78.9% exhibited high social stigma toward PMD. Statistical analysis revealed a significant relationship between digital information exposure and social stigma (p < 0.001), with lower exposure strongly associated with higher stigma levels. Conclusion: Limited exposure to digital mental health information is significantly associated with elevated social stigma in traditional rural communities. Integrating culturally sensitive, digital-based mental health literacy interventions into primary healthcare and community outreach programs is recommended to reduce stigma and foster inclusive support systems.

The Relationship between Self-Care Needs and Hypertension Control as a Means of Preventing Medical Emergencies in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

2026-04-28T12:56:43+00:00

Background: Chronic kidney disease is often accompanied by hypertension and carries a risk of medical emergencies. Blood pressure control can be achieved through self-care practices, particularly dietary salt reduction. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between self-care requisites and blood pressure control in patients with chronic kidney disease. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 109 respondents selected through accidental sampling. Data were collected using the Dietary Salt Reduction Self-Care Behavior (DSR-SCB) questionnaire and blood pressure measurements, then analyzed using the Chi-square test. Results: Most respondents had adequate self-care (45.0%), while 52.3% had uncontrolled blood pressure. The Chi-square test showed a significant association between self-care level and blood pressure control (p < 0.001), with better self-care correlating with improved blood pressure control. Conclusion: There is a significant association between self-care practices and blood pressure control among patients with chronic kidney disease. Enhanced patient education on self-care, particularly salt restriction, is essential to prevent complications.

The Role of Family in Pain Management among Patients with Chronic Illness

2026-04-28T12:56:42+00:00

Chronic diseases are major health problems often accompanied by persistent pain that can reduce patients’ quality of life. Pain management is not only dependent on medical therapy but is also influenced by the role of the family as the primary support system. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between family role and pain management among patients with chronic illness. This study used a quantitative, cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 35 respondents selected using total sampling in Boyolangu Village, Tulungagung Regency. Data were collected using a family role questionnaire, and pain level was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). The study was conducted in January 2026. Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Spearman Rank test. The results showed that most respondents had a good family role (57.1%). The majority of respondents (48.6%) experienced moderate pain. Bivariate analysis indicated a significant relationship between family role and pain level (p = 0.002; p < 0.05). The correlation coefficient (r = -0.45) showed a moderate negative relationship, meaning that better family role was associated with lower pain levels. In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between family role and pain management among patients with chronic illness; therefore, healthcare providers are encouraged to enhance family involvement in pain management to improve patients’ quality of life.

Domino and Leaflet Media: Efforts to Improve Adolescents’ Knowledge about Premarital Sex

2026-04-22T03:56:42+00:00

Several issues faced by adolescents today include a lack of knowledge about sexual health, with most adolescents still unaware of the dangers of premarital sex, which can lead to unwanted pregnancies. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the domino game media on adolescents’ knowledge regarding premarital sex. This study employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental method with a two-group pretest and posttest design. The sampling technique used was non-probability sampling with a purposive sampling approach. The total sample consisted of 64 respondents, divided into 32 participants in the control group and 32 in the intervention group, who were given the domino game at SMK 4 Pancasila Ambulu. Data were analyzed univariately using the Wilcoxon test and bivariately using the Mann–Whitney test with SPSS software. The Wilcoxon test results showed significant differences between the pretest and posttest in both the intervention and control groups, with a p-value of 0.001 (<0.05). Similarly, the Mann–Whitney test also indicated a significant result with a p-value of 0.001 (<0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of the domino game as an educational medium significantly influenced adolescents’ knowledge about premarital sex. The domino game proved to be a useful learning tool, as the findings showed a marked improvement in adolescents’ knowledge after the intervention compared to before.

Non-Pharmacological Management of Hypertension in the Elderly: Integrating Warm Water Foot Soaks with Slow Deep Breathing Therapy

2026-04-30T08:48:03+00:00

Background: Blood pressure tends to increase with age due to elevated peripheral vascular resistance and reduced blood vessel elasticity. Non-pharmacological therapies offer viable alternatives or complement to pharmacological interventions for hypertension management. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of integrating warm-water foot soaks with slow, deep breathing therapy on blood pressure reduction in elderly individuals with hypertension. Methods: A case study with a pretest-posttest design was conducted at Bondowoso Nursing Home. The participant was an elderly individual aged >60 years with stage 2 hypertension. Blood pressure was measured using a sphygmomanometer before and after the intervention. The combined intervention consisted of warm-water foot soaks (30-40°C) and slow, deep breathing exercises (4-4-4 technique: 4 seconds inhalation, 4 seconds breath-holding, 4 seconds exhalation) for 15 minutes per session. The intervention was administered twice weekly for two weeks (4 sessions total). Results: The mean blood pressure before the intervention was 175.00/92.50 mmHg, which decreased to 169.75/90.75 mmHg after the intervention. The mean reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 5.25 mmHg and 1.75 mmHg, respectively. Conclusion: The integration of warm-water foot soaks and slow, deep breathing therapy shows potential to lower blood pressure among elderly individuals with hypertension. For optimal therapeutic effects, consistent, regular implementation beyond 4 sessions is recommended. This combined non-pharmacological approach can be considered as a complementary therapy in hypertension management for the elderly.

Mental Health and Cognitive Outcomes in Older Adults After Disasters: Epidemiological Evidence, Determinants, Interventions, and Tiered Service Models for Policy and Education

2026-05-01T06:44:21+00:00

Background: Natural and human-made disasters disproportionately increase the risk of mental health disorders and cognitive decline among older adults through trauma exposure, displacement, social isolation, and disrupted health services. Despite expanding literature, a synthesized evidence base linking epidemiology, determinants, interventions, and scalable service models for policy and educational use remains limited. Objective: This study aims to synthesize epidemiological evidence, identify key determinants, map effective interventions, and develop policy-ready tiered service models to support mental health and cognitive recovery in older adults following disasters. Methods: This narrative review, enhanced by evidence mapping, employs a bio-psychosocial framework aligned with the Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) tiered MHPSS pyramid. Literature was retrieved from scientific databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science), international clinical and policy guidelines (WHO, IASC, NICE, VA/DoD), and Indonesian context-specific sources. Data were narratively synthesized across epidemiological trends, risk/protective factors, intervention efficacy, and service pathway implementation. Results: Post-disaster epidemiological burden varies widely; meta-analyses of older earthquake survivors report pooled prevalences of 19.3% for PTSD, 23.5% for depression, and 10.9% for anxiety. Indonesian evidence (North Lombok) indicates 59.9% PTSD prevalence, strongly associated with chronic comorbidities (OR 2.49). Prospective Japanese cohorts demonstrate that severe housing damage accelerates cognitive decline, an effect moderated by social connectivity. Effective interventions include Psychological First Aid (PFA), task-sharing models (e.g., PM+), trauma-focused psychotherapy, cautious pharmacotherapy, and telehealth adaptations. Implementation requires age-friendly, tiered pathways with standardized screening and referral protocols. Conclusion: Post-disaster responses must integrate geriatric-sensitive, tiered MHPSS frameworks that ensure continuity of chronic care, preserve social networks, and establish clear, age-disaggregated monitoring systems. These findings provide a structured evidence base for emergency health policy, community response planning, and public health curriculum development.